It is widely used in microbiology laboratory for the staining of. Because of its importance, different important stains are described in some detail. Other differential staining methods include the endospore stain to identify endosporeforming bacteria, the acidfast stain to discriminate mycobacterium species from other bacteria, a metachromatic stain to identify phosphate storage granules. Bacterial classification, structure and function introduction the purpose of this lecture is to introduce you to terminology used in microbiology. Some staining techniques, such as the gram and ziel neelsen stains, although of great. We have designed the laboratory exercises in this book around a few major. The following points highlight the top five types of staining. Cover different classification schemes for grouping bacteria, especially the use of the gram stain 2.
The waxy, acidfast cells retain the carbolfuchsin even after a decolorizing agent an acidalcohol solution is applied. Two different methods for acidfast staining are the ziehlneelsen technique and the kinyoun technique. Bacterial classification, structure and function columbia university. Learn how to use the microscope to view slides of several different cell types. Some staining techniques involve the application of only one dye to. Uk standards for microbiology investigations issued by the standards unit. Colouration of microorganisms by applying single dye to a fixed smear is termed simple staining. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Stains and dyes are frequently used in biological tissues for viewing, often with the aid of different microscopes. Significance of the gram stains in the classification of soil bacteria by gyllenberg, h. Contrast, however, can be improved by either using a different type of optical system, such as phase contrast or a differential interference contrast microscope.
An acidfast stain is able to differentiate two types of grampositive cells. Types of staining techniques used in microbiology and their. It distinguishes acid fast bacteria such as mycobacterium spp from nonacid fast bacteria. Laboratory exercises in microbiology cuny academic works. Microbiology module common staining technique microbiology 20 notes 2 common staining technique 2. Cover different classification schemes for grouping bacteria, especially the use of the gram stain. Types of staining techniques used in microbiology and. Bacteria are among the simplest forms of life known and hence show. Fundamental principles of bacteriology envis centre on. Pneumocystis jiroveci cysts formerly pneumocystis carinii. Some staining techniques, such as the gram and ziel neelsen stains, although of great diagnostic value because of their differential staining properties for specific bacteria, reveal little.
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